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Historically, symptoms resembling FPIES were first reported in the 1960s, but awareness of the disease was limited for decades after. More recently, awareness has increased with establishment of an ICD-10 code in 2016, and the publication of the first international consensus guidelines for FPIES diagnosis by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology in 2017.
Different underlying brain dysfunctions have been hypothesized to result in the common symptoms of autism, just as completely different brain types result in intellectual disability. [1] [5] In recent years, the prevalence and number of people diagnosed with the disorder have increased dramatically. There are many potential reasons for this ...
Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), which includes atypical autism, and is the most common (47% of autism diagnoses); [10] Typical autism, the best-known; Asperger syndrome (9% of autism diagnoses); Rett syndrome; and; Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD). The first three of these disorders are commonly called ...
The precise causes of autism are unknown in most individual cases. Research shows that the disorder is highly heritable and polygenic, and neurobiological risks from the environment are also relevant. [27] [28] [29] Boys are also significantly far more frequently diagnosed than girls. [30]
The ICD-10 equivalents also became part of its definition of autism spectrum disorder, as of the ICD-11. PDD-NOS included atypical autism, a diagnosis defined in the ICD-10 for the case that the criteria for autistic disorder were not met because of late age of onset, or atypical symptomatology, or both of these. [5]
It was presumed initially that there was a common cause at the genetic, cognitive, and neural levels for classic autism's characteristic triad of symptoms. [34] However, over time, there was increasing evidence that autism was instead a complex and highly heritable disorder whose core aspects have distinct causes which often co-occur.