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When women entered the paid workforce in the 1920s they were paid less than men because employers thought the women's jobs were temporary. Employers also paid women less than men because they believed in the "Pin Money Theory", which said that women's earnings were secondary to that of their male counterparts.
The dual labor market model combined with the gender discrimination suggests that men dominate the primary jobs and that women are over-represented in the secondary jobs. [ 2 ] The difference between primary and secondary jobs also creates productivity differences, such as different level of on-the-job training .
Women in female-dominated jobs pay two penalties: the average wage of their jobs is lower than that in comparable male-dominated jobs, and they earn less relative to men in the same jobs. Since 1980, occupational segregation is the single largest factor of the gender pay gap, accounting for over half of the wage gap. [31]
Nursing - like teaching and waitressing - is among the occupations that economists call "pink-collared jobs," or professions long dominated by women. While more and more men are donning the pink ...
[4]: 109 Studies also reveal high discrimination against women in more senior roles that offer higher status and wages, and “against both sexes when they applied for jobs dominated by the other sex.” [3]: 108 Organizational culture and structure have been shown to create more challenges for women than men.
More women than men lost jobs during the early months of the pandemic, in part due to child care needs. Along with temporary school shutdowns, nearly 16,000 child care centers closed .
Getty By Kathleen Elkins This past Tuesday was Equal Pay Day, which represents how far into the year women have to work to earn the equivalent of men's wages from the previous year - nearly three ...
Women are entering any form of profession and feminizing the labor force, which was once restricted and dominated by men. From exporting personal labor, entering the labor market, challenging the field of science and engineering, and participating in the sports environment, the power and role of women in the society have dramatically changed.