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In July 1385 Richard II, king of England, led an English army into Scotland. The invasion was, in part, retaliation for Scottish border raids, but was most provoked by the arrival of a French army into Scotland the previous summer. England and France were engaged in the Hundred Years' War, and France and Scotland had a treaty to support each other.
This is a chronological list of the battles involving the Kingdom of Scotland, as well as battles involving Scotland in support of France as part of the "Auld Alliance" . The list gives the name, the date, the present-day location of the battles, the Scottish allies and enemies, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
A 15th-century illustration showing an English herald approaching a troop of Scottish soldiers. The Anglo-Scottish Wars comprise the various battles which continued to be fought between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland from the time of the Wars of Independence in the early 14th century through to the latter years of the 16th century.
In June 1385, a force of 1200 French soldiers joined the Scots in a campaign that involved the Earl of Douglas and two of Robert's sons, John, Earl of Carrick and Robert, Earl of Fife. [61] The skirmishes saw small gains but a quarrel between the French and Scottish commanders saw the abandonment of an attack on the important castle of Roxburgh ...
In May 1385, a French force led by admiral Jean de Vienne sailed from Sluys to Leith in Scotland. It consisted of at least 1,000 men-at-arms plus servants and crossbowmen, and carried 50,000 gold francs as gifts for the Scots nobility [ 41 ] [ 42 ] A joint attack on the North of England was planned but there was considerable disharmony between ...
1385. 14 August – Portuguese troops and their English allies defeat those of Castile at the Battle of Aljubarrota. [4] 31 August – King Richard II begins an invasion of Scotland. [9] The English burn Holyrood and Edinburgh, but return home without a decisive battle. [1]
1385 English invasion of Scotland: England July, Jean de Vienne, having successfully strengthened the French naval situation, lands an army in Scotland, but is forced to retreat. 1385 Battle of Aljubarrota: Portugal 14 August, heavy defeat of Franco-Castilian forces by Portugal, strengthened by English longbowmen.
Moray was fatally wounded in the fighting at Stirling, and died soon after the battle. This was followed by Scottish raids into northern England and the appointment of Wallace as Guardian of Scotland in March 1298. But in July, Edward invaded again, intending to crush Wallace and his followers, and defeated the Scots at Falkirk. Edward failed ...