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In the year before the First Council of Constantinople in 381, Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Theodosius I, emperor of the East, Gratian, emperor of the West, and Gratian's junior co-ruler Valentinian II issued the Edict of Thessalonica in 380, [1] which recognized the catholic orthodoxy [a] of Nicene Christians as the Roman Empire's state religion.
The law of 8 November 392 has been described by some as the universal ban on paganism that made Christianity the official religion of the empire. [118] [119] The law was addressed only to Rufinus in the East, it makes no mention of Christianity, and it focuses on practices of private domestic sacrifice: the lares, the penates and the genius.
Rome has, for more than two millennia, been an important worldwide center for religion, particularly the Catholic strain of Christianity.The city is commonly regarded as the "home of the Catholic Church", owing to the ecclesiastical doctrine of the primacy of the Bishop of Rome.
This was the context for Rome's conflict with Christianity, which Romans variously regarded as a form of atheism and novel superstitio, while Christians considered Roman religion to be paganism. Ultimately, Roman polytheism was brought to an end with the adoption of Christianity as the official religion of the empire. [citation needed]
380 - The Christian emperor Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion of Rome, persecuting pagans and destroying temples. 402 - Ravenna becomes the capital of the Western Roman Empire, whilst Constantinople that of the east. [4] 410 - Rome is sacked by Alaric, King of the Visigoths; 422 - The Church of Santa Sabina is founded.
361 – Rome returns to paganism under Julian the Apostate; 364 – Rome returns to Christianity, specifically the Arian Church; c. 364 – Vandals (Arian Church) 376 – Goths and Gepids (Arian Church) 380 – Rome goes from Arian to Catholic/Orthodox (both terms are used refer to the same Church until 1054) 411 – Kingdom of Burgundy (Nicene ...
Christianity in the 4th century was dominated in its early stage by Constantine the Great and the First Council of Nicaea of 325, which was the beginning of the period of the First seven Ecumenical Councils (325–787), and in its late stage by the Edict of Thessalonica of 380, which made Nicene Christianity the state church of the Roman Empire.
Before the arrival of the Christians in Rome, the Religio Romana (literally, the "Roman Religion") was the major religion of the city in classical antiquity. The first gods held sacred by the Romans were Jupiter , the Most High, and Mars , the god of war, and father of Rome's twin founders, Romulus and Remus , according to tradition.