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Caustic ingestion occurs when someone accidentally or deliberately ingests a caustic or corrosive substance. Depending on the nature of the substance, the duration of exposure and other factors it can lead to varying degrees of damage to the oral mucosa , the esophagus , and the lining of the stomach .
Milk-alkali syndrome is an illness that is characterized by hypercalcaemia, kidney damage, and metabolic alkalosis. [17] This syndrome was discovered in the early 1900s when people began experiencing adverse effects from Bertrand Sippy's gastric ulcer treatment consisting of milk and alkali.
Incorrect application (e.g. into the lungs) results in pulmonary aspiration which can sometimes be fatal if immediate medical treatment is not initiated. [19] The use of activated carbon is contraindicated when the ingested substance is an acid, an alkali, or a petroleum product. [20]
Amyl nitrite is a chemical compound with the formula C 5 H 11 ONO. A variety of isomers are known, but they all feature an amyl group attached to the nitrite functional group. The alkyl group (the amyl in this case) is unreactive and the chemical and biological properties are mainly due to the nitrite group.
There are many uses of neutralization reactions that are acid-alkali reactions. A very common use is antacid tablets. These are designed to neutralize excess gastric acid in the stomach that may be causing discomfort in the stomach or lower esophagus. This can also be remedied by the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3).
Metal fume fever, also known as brass founders' ague, brass shakes, [1] zinc shakes, galvie flu, galvo poisoning, metal dust fever, welding shivers, or Monday morning fever, [2] is an illness primarily caused by exposure to chemicals such as zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3), or magnesium oxide (MgO) which are produced as byproducts in the fumes that result when certain metals are ...
Whole bowel irrigation is sometimes used prior to colonoscopy, bowel surgery, other abdominal/pelvic surgery, or a barium enema examination, to cleanse the intestines, enhancing visibility of the intestines' inner surfaces, preventing complications from occurring as a result of spillage of bowel contents into the abdominal cavity, and potentially providing other benefits depending on the type ...
The LD 50 for small mammals is between 2 and 25 g/kg, less toxic than its relative ethylene glycol but still capable of causing toxicity in humans (in high concentrations only). [15] It appears that diethylene glycol may be more hazardous to humans [16] than implied by oral toxicity data in laboratory animals. [3]