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Starved for oxygen and nutrients, elastic fibers become patchy and smooth muscle cells die. If the disease progresses, syphilitic aortitis leads to an aortic aneurysm. Overall, tertiary syphilis is a rare cause of aortic aneurysms. [3] Syphilitic aortitis has become rare in the developed world with the advent of penicillin treatments after ...
Aortitis is most commonly seen in patients with syphilis, autoimmune vasculitis (giant cell arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis), polymyalgia rheumatica, and rheumatoid arthritis. [2] IgG4-related disease has more recently been identified as a cause of aortitis, and also as a cause of periaortitis (inflammation surrounding the aorta). [3]
Of the 660,000 congenital syphilis cases reported in 2016, 143,000 resulted in deaths of unborn babies, 61,000 deaths of newborn babies, 41,000 low birth weights or preterm births, and 109,000 young children diagnosed with congenital syphilis. [15] Around 75% were from the WHO's African and Eastern Mediterranean regions. [2]
Hutchinson's teeth resulting from congenital syphilis. Hutchinson triad is a triad of signs that may be seen in late congenital syphilis, including: interstitial keratitis, malformed teeth (Hutchinson incisors and mulberry molars), and eighth nerve deafness. [1] [2] Late congenital syphilis typically manifests after 2 years of age. [3]
Syphilis is closely related but distinct from two other subspecies or lineages of treponemal disease, nonsexually transmitted illnesses that have similar symptoms that are known as bejel and yaws ...
Latent syphilis has no symptoms and can last years. [2] In tertiary syphilis, there are gummas (soft, non-cancerous growths), neurological problems, or heart symptoms. [3] Syphilis has been known as "the great imitator", because it may cause symptoms similar to many other diseases. [2] [3] Syphilis is most commonly spread through sexual ...
Rates of diagnosis are higher in urban coastal areas. [10] This may be due to sexual practices or better diagnosis in these areas. [10] Rates of syphilis in 2000–2005 among low-risk groups such as women without children and unmarried people were about 0.3–0.6% while rates among high-risk groups such as drug users and MSM were about 7–15% ...
Specific infective causes associated with aneurysm include: Advanced syphilis infection resulting in syphilitic aortitis and an aortic aneurysm; Tuberculosis, causing Rasmussen's aneurysms; Brain infections, causing infectious intracranial aneurysms; A minority of aneurysms are associated with genetic factors. Examples include: