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The Duat (Ancient Egyptian: dwꜣt, Egyptological pronunciation "do-aht"), also called Amenthes (Ancient Greek: Ἀμένθης, romanized: Aménthēs) or Te (Coptic: Ⲧⲏ, romanized: Tē), is the underworld in ancient Egyptian mythology. It has been represented in hieroglyphs as a star-in-circle: 𓇽.
The Amduat [pronunciation?] (Ancient Egyptian: jmj dwꜣt, literally "That Which Is In the Afterworld", also translated as "Text of the Hidden Chamber Which is in the Underworld" and "Book of What is in the Underworld"; Arabic: كتاب الآخرة, romanized: Kitab al-Akhira) [1] is an important ancient Egyptian funerary text of the New Kingdom of Egypt.
Wooden statue of a ram-headed creature of the underworld — from the tomb of Horemheb. British Museum, London. The gate deities of the underworld were ancient Egyptian minor deities charged with guarding the gates of the Egyptian underworld. [2] [3] [4]
The path taken to the underworld may have varied between kings and common people. After entry, spirits were presented to another prominent god, Osiris. Osiris would determine the virtue of the deceased's soul and grant those deemed deserving a peaceful afterlife. The Egyptian concept of 'eternal life' was often seen as being reborn indefinitely.
The Book of Gates is an ancient Egyptian funerary text dating from the New Kingdom. [1] The Book of Gates is long and detailed, consisting of one hundred scenes. [2] It narrates the passage of a newly deceased soul into the next world journeying with the sun god, Ra, through the underworld during the hours of the night towards his resurrection.
Ancient Egyptian deities covered many aspects, such as the gods of the underworld, sun, sky, earth, and more. If mythologies and ancient myths are your jam, now is the time to dive into the world ...
The underworld was also the residence of various other gods along with Osiris. The geography of the Duat is similar in outline to the world the Egyptians knew: There are realistic features like rivers , islands , fields , lakes , mounds and caverns , but there were also fantastic lakes of fire, walls of iron, and trees of turquoise .
Research project on the content of Book of Caverns and the topography of the ancient Egyptian underworld at the Excellence Cluster Topoi. The Formation and Transformation of Space and Knowledge in Ancient Civilizations, Berlin (Germany) [in English]. Pictures of text witnesses in the kings' tombs: Theban Mapping Project (online).