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The 35th Chess Olympiad, a chess tournament for teams. A chess tournament is a series of chess games played competitively to determine a winning individual or team. Since the first international chess tournament in London, 1851, chess tournaments have become the standard form of chess competition among multiple serious players.
The official chess rules do not include a procedure for determining who plays White. Instead, this decision is left open to tournament-specific rules (e.g. a Swiss system tournament or round-robin tournament) or, in the case of casual play, mutual agreement, in which case some kind of random choice such as flipping a coin can be employed. A ...
A Swiss-system tournament is a non-eliminating tournament format that features a fixed number of rounds of competition, but considerably fewer than for a round-robin tournament; thus each competitor (team or individual) does not play all the other competitors. Competitors meet one-on-one in each round and are paired using a set of rules ...
Swiss system tournaments, a type of group tournament common in chess and other board games, and in card games such as bridge, use various criteria to break ties between players who have the same total number of points after the last round. This is needed when prizes are indivisible, such as titles, trophies, or qualification for another tournament.
A norm in chess is a high level of performance in a chess tournament. [1] The level of performance is typically measured in tournament performance rating above a certain threshold (for instance, 2600 for GM norm), and there is a requirement on the level of tournament, for instance by a prescribed minimal number of participants of given title/level one meets.
A game of chess can end in a draw by agreement.A player may offer a draw at any stage of a game; if the opponent accepts, the game is a draw. [1] In some competitions, draws by agreement are restricted; for example draw offers may be subject to the discretion of the arbiter, or may be forbidden before move 30 or 40, or even forbidden altogether.
Giving a half-point for a draw in chess was introduced in 1868 by the British Chess Association; previously, drawn games in chess tournaments were replayed. [1] Where draws are more common, the award may be 2 points for a win and 1 for a draw, which is mathematically equivalent but avoids having half-points in the listings.
An official responsible for overseeing chess tournaments and ensuring that the rules of chess are obeyed. arena A type of tournament without a fixed amount of rounds. [17] Armageddon game A game that is guaranteed to produce a decisive result, because if there is a draw it is ruled a victory for Black.