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Vocal cord nodules are bilaterally symmetrical benign white masses that form at the midpoint of the vocal folds. [1] Although diagnosis involves a physical examination of the head and neck , as well as perceptual voice measures, visualization of the vocal nodules via laryngeal endoscopy remains the primary diagnostic method.
Vocal fold cysts can be differentiated from other vocal fold growths as they are usually unilateral. [3] The two types of vocal fold cysts (sub-epithelial and ligament cysts) can be differentiated by colour, size and location. [2] [14] (See section on Types of vocal cord cysts for more information.)
Vocal nodules are caused over time by repeated abuse of the vocal cords which results in soft, swollen spots on each vocal cord. [24] These spots develop into harder, callous-like growths called nodules. The longer the abuse occurs the larger and stiffer the nodules will become.
The human vocal cords are roughly 12 – 24 mm in length, and 3–5 mm thick. [9] Histologically, the human vocal cords are a laminated structure composed of five different layers. The vocalis muscle, main body of the vocal cords, is covered by the mucosa, which consists of the epithelium and the lamina propria. [10]
Dysphonia/hoarseness; laryngitis (including Reinke's edema, Vocal cord nodules and polyps); *Spasmodic dysphonia; dysphagia; Tracheostomy; Cancer of the larynx; and vocology (the science and practice of voice habilitation) are included in laryngology. A laryngology exam and procedure room.
Most polyps are larger than nodules, which are more similar to callouses on the vocal folds. Polyps and nodules can exhibit similar symptoms including hoarseness or breathiness, "rough" or "scratchy" voice, harshness in vocal quality, shooting pain from ear to ear, sensation of having "a lump in the back of the throat", neck pain, decreased ...
[8] [5] The vocal process is overwhelmingly the most common laryngeal site for these lesions, although they have also been observed on the medial and anterior portions of the vocal folds. [8] In nodule or polyp form, contact granulomas generally have a grey or dark red colouring [8] [5] and measure 2 to 15 mm in size. [5]
Vocal cord nodules and polyps are different phenomena, but both may be caused by vocal abuse, and both may take the form of growths, bumps, or swelling on the vocal cords. Vocal fold paralysis is the inability to move one or both of the vocal cords, which results in difficulties with voice and perhaps swallowing. Paradoxical vocal fold movement ...