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Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199), known as Richard Cœur de Lion (Old Norman French: Quor de Lion) [2] [3] or Richard the Lionheart because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior, [4] [b] [5] was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199.
An illustration of King Richard I from a 12th-century codex. Richard Coer de Lyon is a Middle English romance which gives a fictionalised account of the life of Richard I, King of England, concentrating on his crusading exploits. It influenced Shakespeare's King John and Walter Scott's The Talisman. [1] [2]
Richard Cœur-de-lion played an important role in the development of opéra comique in its treatment of a serious, historical subject. It was also one of the first rescue operas . Significantly, one of the chief characters in the most famous rescue opera of all, Beethoven 's Fidelio , is called Florestan, though he is the prisoner not the jailor.
Richard Coeur de Lion is a Grade II listed equestrian statue of the 12th-century English monarch Richard I, also known as Richard the Lionheart, who reigned from 1189 to 1199. It stands on a granite pedestal in Old Palace Yard outside the Palace of Westminster in London, facing south towards the entrance to the House of Lords .
Richard has appeared frequently in fiction, as a result of the 'chivalric revival' of the Romantic era. The Adventures of King Richard Coeur-de-Lion (1791) by James White is a humorous historical novel about Richard's adventures. [2] In 1822, he was the subject of Eleanor Anne Porden's epic poem, Cœur de Lion.
This story was the foundation of André Ernest Modeste Grétry's opera Richard Coeur-de-Lion, and inspired the opening of Richard Thorpe's film version of Ivanhoe. Sixteenth-century tales of Robin Hood began describing him as a contemporary (and supporter) of Richard the Lionheart; Robin became an outlaw during the reign of Richard's evil ...
John of Whithorn (died 1209) was the medieval Bishop of Galloway.His first appearance as bishop-elect is at the coronation of Richard, Cœur de Lion as King of the English at Westminster Abbey on 3 September 1189. [1]
Richard Coeur de Lion is an epithet of Richard I, King of England from 1189 to 1199. Richard Coeur de Lion may also refer to: Richard Coeur-de-lion, a French-language opéra comique by André Grétry first performed in 1784; Richard Coeur de Lion, a 1786 English-language semi-opera by John Burgoyne and Thomas Linley the Elder