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  2. Staining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staining

    A Ziehl–Neelsen stain is an acid-fast stain used to stain species of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that do not stain with the standard laboratory staining procedures such as Gram staining. This stain is performed through the use of both red coloured carbol fuchsin that stains the bacteria and a counter stain such as methylene blue .

  3. Gram stain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_stain

    A Gram stain of mixed Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus ATCC 25923, gram-positive cocci, in purple) and Escherichia coli (E. coli ATCC 11775, gram-negative bacilli, in red), the most common Gram stain reference bacteria. Gram stain (Gram staining or Gram's method), is a method of staining used to classify bacterial species into two large groups ...

  4. Gram-positive bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-positive_bacteria

    In gram-positive bacteria, the S-layer is attached to the peptidoglycan layer. Gram-negative bacteria's S-layer is attached directly to the outer membrane. Specific to gram-positive bacteria is the presence of teichoic acids in the cell wall. Some of these are lipoteichoic acids, which have a lipid component in the cell membrane that can assist ...

  5. Negative stain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_stain

    The choice of negative stain in electron microscopy can be very important. An early study of plant viruses using negatively stained leaf dips from a diseased plant showed only spherical viruses with one stain and only rod-shaped viruses with another. The verified conclusion was that this plant suffered from a mixed infection by two separate ...

  6. Vital stain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vital_stain

    The term vital stain is used by some authors to refer to an intravital stain, and by others interchangeably with a supravital stain, the core concept being that the cell being examined is still alive. In a more strict sense, the term vital staining has a meaning contrasting with supravital staining.

  7. Basophilic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basophilic

    A Basophil granulocyte stains dark purple upon H&E staining. Basophilic is a technical term used by pathologists. It describes the appearance of cells, tissues and cellular structures as seen through the microscope after a histological section has been stained with a basic dye. The most common such dye is haematoxylin.

  8. Cell envelope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_envelope

    Bacterial cell envelopes fall into two major categories: a Gram-positive type which stains purple during Gram staining and a Gram-negative type which stains pink during Gram staining. Either type may have an enclosing capsule of polysaccharides for extra protection. As a group these are known as polysaccharide encapsulated bacteria.

  9. Counterstain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterstain

    A counterstain is a stain with colour contrasting to the principal stain, making the stained structure easily visible using a microscope. Examples include the malachite green counterstain to the fuchsine stain in the Gimenez staining technique and the eosin counterstain to haematoxylin in the H&E stain. [1]