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Simplified model for powering a load with resistance R L by a source with voltage V S and resistance R S.. The theorem was originally misunderstood (notably by Joule [4]) to imply that a system consisting of an electric motor driven by a battery could not be more than 50% efficient, since the power dissipated as heat in the battery would always be equal to the power delivered to the motor when ...
is the voltage at maximum load. The maximum load is the one that draws the greatest current, i.e. the lowest specified load resistance (never short circuit); is the voltage at minimum load. The minimum load is the one that draws the least current, i.e. the highest specified load resistance (possibly open circuit for some types of linear ...
For example, a 10 ohm resistor connected in parallel with a 5 ohm resistor and a 15 ohm resistor produces 1 / 1/10 + 1/5 + 1/15 ohms of resistance, or 30 / 11 = 2.727 ohms. A resistor network that is a combination of parallel and series connections can be broken up into smaller parts that are either one or the other.
In schematic diagrams, a resistor is shown as a long rectangle or zig-zag symbol. An element (resistor or conductor) that behaves according to Ohm's law over some operating range is referred to as an ohmic device (or an ohmic resistor ) because Ohm's law and a single value for the resistance suffice to describe the behavior of the device over ...
A diagram of such transients is shown below. The maximum allowed voltage swing in such a transient is . Comparing this to a regulator with droop, we find that the maximum allowed swing has doubled: it is now . This increased tolerance to transients allows us to decrease the number of output capacitors, or get better regulation with the same ...
To calculate the E192 series: is 192, then is incremented from 0 to 191 through the formula, with one exception for = where 9.20 is the official value instead of the calculated 9.19 value. Since some values of the E24 series do not exist in the E48, E96, or E192 series, some resistor manufacturers have added missing E24 values into some of ...
Voltage drop exists in both the supply and return wires of a circuit. If the voltage drop across each resistor is measured, the measurement will be a significant number. That represents the energy used by the resistor. The larger the resistor, the more energy used by that resistor, and the bigger the voltage drop across that resistor.
The maximum dissipation in the foldback design is three times lower than in the constant current limited design. The prime purpose of foldback current limiting in linear power supplies is to keep the output transistor within its safe power dissipation limit. A linear regulator dissipates the difference between input and output voltages as heat.