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, Ca 2+, and Sc 3+ and the anions Cl −, S 2−, and P 3− are all isoelectronic with the Ar atom. CO, CN −, N 2, and NO + are isoelectronic because each has two atoms triple bonded together, and due to the charge have analogous electronic configurations (N − is identical in electronic configuration to O so CO is identical electronically ...
Isolobal compounds are analogues to isoelectronic compounds that share the same number of valence electrons and structure. A graphic representation of isolobal structures, with the isolobal pairs connected through a double-headed arrow with half an orbital below, is found in Figure 1. Figure 1: Basic example of the isolobal analogy
An example may clarify how unit weights can be useful in practice. Brenna Bry and colleagues (1982) addressed the question of what causes drug use in adolescents. Previous research had made use of multiple regression; with this method, it is natural to look for the best predictor, the one with the highest beta weight.
Example: C 2 B 7 H 13. Electron count = 2 × C + 7 × B + 13 × H = 2 × 4 + 7 × 3 + 13 × 1 = 42 Since n in this case is 9, 4n + 6 = 42, the cluster is arachno. The bookkeeping for deltahedral clusters is sometimes carried out by counting skeletal electrons instead of the total number of electrons.
In this example, the cyanide ligands are "innocent", i.e., they have a charge of −1 each, −5 total. To balance the fragment's overall charge, the charge on {CrNO} is thus +2 (−3 = −5 + 2). Using the neutral electron counting scheme, Cr has 6 d electrons and NO· has one electron for a total of 7. Two electrons are subtracted to take ...
In chemistry, bond order is a formal measure of the multiplicity of a covalent bond between two atoms. As introduced by Gerhard Herzberg, [1] building off of work by R. S. Mulliken and Friedrich Hund, bond order is defined as the difference between the numbers of electron pairs in bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals.
In physics, mirror nuclei are a pair of isobars of two different elements where the number of protons of isobar one (Z 1) equals the number of neutrons of isobar two (N 2) and the number of protons of isotope two (Z 2) equals the number of neutrons in isotope one (N 1); in short: Z 1 = N 2 and Z 2 = N 1.
Other weighting curves are used in rumble measurement and flutter measurement to properly assess subjective effect. In each field of measurement, special units are used to indicate a weighted measurement as opposed to a basic physical measurement of energy level. For sound, the unit is the phon (1 kHz equivalent level).