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This is a complete list of estrogens and formulations that are approved by the FDA Tooltip Food and Drug Administration and available in the United States. Estrogens are used as hormonal contraceptives , in hormone replacement therapy , and in the treatment of gynecological disorders .
Estrogens, conjugated is the generic name of the drug and its USP Tooltip United States Pharmacopeia and JAN Tooltip Japanese Accepted Name. [87] It is also known as conjugated estrogens or as conjugated equine estrogens. [10] [unreliable medical source?] The brand name Premarin is a contraction of "pregnant mares' urine". [88] [89] [90]
It was supplanted on the market when its manufacturer, Ayerst (later Wyeth Pharmaceuticals), began producing the more-easily manufactured conjugated [clarification needed] equine estrogens in 1941 under the brand name Premarin; by 1992, Premarin was the most widely prescribed drug in the United States. [4]
Conjugated estrogens/methyltestosterone (CEEs/MT), sold under the brand name Premarin with Methyltestosterone, is a combination of conjugated estrogens (CEEs), an estrogen, and methyltestosterone (MT), an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAR), which is used in menopausal hormone therapy for women.
This is a list of estrogen esters, or ester prodrugs of estrogens. It includes esters, as well as ethers , of steroidal estrogens like estradiol , estrone , and estriol and of nonsteroidal estrogens like the stilbestrols diethylstilbestrol and hexestrol .
Package inserts for prescription drugs often include a separate document called a "patient package insert" with information written in plain language intended for the end-user—the person who will take the drug or give the drug to another person, such as a minor. Inserts for over-the-counter medications are also written plainly. [1] [2]
Unlike other medications like progestins and anabolic steroids, estrogens do not have other hormonal activities. [1] Estrogens also have antigonadotropic effects and at sufficiently high dosages can strongly suppress sex hormone production. [1] Estrogens mediate their contraceptive effects in combination with progestins by inhibiting ovulation.
The term specifically refers to formulations of estriol conjugates which were manufactured from the estrogen-rich urine of pregnant women and were used as medications in the 1920s and 1930s. Conjugated estriol is analogous to and was superseded by conjugated estrogens (brand name Premarin), which is manufactured from the urine of pregnant mares .