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The effects of climate change on human health are profound because they increase heat-related illnesses and deaths, respiratory diseases, and the spread of infectious diseases. There is widespread agreement among researchers, health professionals and organizations that climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century.
Heat illness is a spectrum of disorders due to increased body temperature. It can be caused by either environmental conditions or by exertion.It includes minor conditions such as heat cramps, heat syncope, and heat exhaustion as well as the more severe condition known as heat stroke. [1]
[90] [89] Children are more prone to heat stress because they cannot regulate their body temperature as effectively as adults. [91] Children are particularly vulnerable to poor air quality due to their faster breathing rates and higher air intake relative to their body weight, which increases their exposure to toxic substances in the air. [92]
Other circumstances also affect the body's temperature. The core body temperature of an individual tends to have the lowest value in the second half of the sleep cycle; the lowest point, called the nadir, is one of the primary markers for circadian rhythms. The body temperature also changes when a person is hungry, sleepy, sick, or cold.
The human body maintains a core body temperature at around 37 °C or 98.6 °F through mechanisms controlled by the thermoregulatory center within the hypothalamus.When the body is exposed to high ambient temperatures, intense physical exertion, or both, the thermoregulatory center will initiate several processes to dissipate more heat: [9] [11] [12]
A 2022 Outside article on heat stroke cites the highest known body temperature that a human was able to survive: “The highest body temperature measured was only 17 degrees above normal. Willie ...
A new study finds that normal human body temperatures have dropped since the late 1800s. So what you think is normal may actually be a fever
These diseases are transmitted through unsafe drinking water or recreational water contact. [33] Diarrheal diseases account for 10–12% of deaths in children under five, as the second leading cause of death in children this age. They are also the second leading cause of death in low and middle income countries.