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The Chinese government declared martial law on 20 May and mobilised at least 30 divisions from five of the country's seven military regions. [137] At least 14 of the PLA's 24 army corps contributed troops. [137] Guangzhou's civil aviation authorities suspended civil airline travel to prepare for transporting military units. [138]
Martial law is the replacement of civilian government by military rule and the suspension of civilian legal processes for military powers. [1] Martial law can continue for a specified amount of time, or indefinitely, and standard civil liberties may be suspended for as long as martial law continues.
The military forces enforcing martial law would be drawn mainly from the Beijing, Jinan and Shenyang Military Regions. [21] Liu, Chi and Yang Shangkun then reported to Deng that the martial law force would mobilize 180,000 PLA and People's Armed Police personnel. [21] By May 18, the protests in Tiananmen Square had reached one million ...
More broadly, it refers to the popular national movement inspired by the Beijing protests during that period, sometimes called the '89 Democracy Movement (Chinese: 八九民运; pinyin: bājiǔ mínyùn). The protests were forcibly suppressed after Chinese Premier Li Peng declared martial law.
Hu Qili was a member of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee, and he voted against issuing martial law with Zhao Ziyang on May 17. [17] Besides his vote on May 17, Hu also publicly declared the necessity for reform. From May 11 to May 13, Hu invited leaders from the press in Beijing and shared his opinion on the student movement.
May 13 – Mikhail Gorbachev visits China, the first Soviet leader to do so since the 1960s. May 19 – Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: Zhao Ziyang meets the demonstrators in Tiananmen Square. May 20 – Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: The Chinese government declares martial law in Beijing.
0–9. June 9 Deng speech; 10th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre; 20th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
On June 9, 1989, China's Military Chairman Deng Xiaoping delivered what was officially termed his "Speech Made While Receiving Cadres of the Martial Law Units in the Capitol at and Above the Army Level". [1]