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The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurised air (called wind) through the organ pipes selected from a keyboard.Because each pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ranks, each of which has a common timbre, volume, and construction throughout the keyboard compass.
Piano Grand piano Upright piano Keyboard instrument Hornbostel–Sachs classification 314.122-4-8 (Simple chordophone with keyboard sounded by hammers) Inventor(s) Bartolomeo Cristofori Developed Early 18th century Playing range The Well-Tempered Clavier, first prelude of Book I Played by Kimiko Douglass-Ishizaka Problems playing this file? See media help. A piano is a keyboard instrument that ...
Pipe organs range in size from a single short keyboard to huge instruments with over 10,000 pipes. A large modern organ typically has three or four keyboards with five octaves (61 notes) each, and a two-and-a-half octave (32-note) pedal board. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart called the organ the "King of instruments". [13]
The earliest known keyboard instrument was the Ancient Greek hydraulis, a type of pipe organ invented in the third century BC. [2] The keys were likely balanced and could be played with a light touch, as is clear from the reference in a Latin poem by Claudian (late 4th century), who says magna levi detrudens murmura tactu . . . intonet, that is "let him thunder forth as he presses out mighty ...
The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various electronic keyboards, including synthesizers and digital pianos. Other keyboard instruments include celestas, which are struck idiophones operated by a keyboard, and carillons, which are usually housed in bell towers or belfries of churches or municipal buildings. [1]
The chromatic range (also called compass) of keyboard instruments has tended to increase. Harpsichords often extended over five octaves (>60 keys) in the 18th century, while most pianos manufactured since about 1870 have 88 keys. The lowest pitch (frequency: 27.5 Hz) of an 88-key piano is equivalent to a sub contrabass in the range name.
The pedal piano (or pedalier piano) [12] is a kind of piano that includes a pedalboard [13] There are two types of pedal piano: A pedal board integrated with a manual piano instrument, using the same strings and mechanism as the manual keyboard; An independent, pedal played piano with its own mechanics and strings, placed below a regular piano
The bellows can be seen to the right of the pipes. A portative organ (from the Latin verb portare , "to carry"), also known during Italian Trecento as the organetto , is a small pipe organ that consists of one rank of flue pipes , sometimes arranged in two rows, to be played while strapped to the performer at a right angle.