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Hypopituitarism is the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. [1] [2] If there is decreased secretion of one specific pituitary hormone, the condition is known as selective hypopituitarism. [3]
If the patient has hypothalamic GnRH deficiency, LH and FSH will gradually appear in response to the exogenous GnRH but in pituitary cases of HH, a minimal response will be generated. [16] Typically, CHH is diagnosed in adolescence due to a lack of pubertal development, but it can be possible to diagnose in male neonates.
However, clinical, laboratory data, and imaging can all help with the diagnosis.[8] First and foremost, patients present with symptoms of hypopituitarism and must undergo pituitary hormone function evaluation. [1] Biopsy is the only means of accurate diagnosis as no autoantigen has been discovered.
Poor pituitary production of LH is thought to be implicated in obesity-associated testosterone deficiency. One study revealed that altering a BMI from 30 to 25 kg/m2 could result in a 13 percent ...
Notable modern pop cultural figures with growth hormone deficiency include actor and comedian Andy Milonakis, who has the appearance and voice of an adolescent boy despite being in his 40s. [29] [30] Argentine footballer Lionel Messi was diagnosed at age 10 with growth hormone deficiency and was subsequently treated. [31]
Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) or stroke, originally described during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland (hypopituitarism). [1]
The underlying cause is due to the defective migration of GNRH neurons from olfactory placode to hypothalamus, leading to congenital GNRH deficiency. This leads to olfactory problems such as anosmia, optic defects like color blindness, and results in hypothalmic deficiencies associated with low levels of LH, affecting sex hormone testosterone ...
After an episode of pituitary apoplexy, 80% of people develop hypopituitarism and require some form of hormone replacement therapy. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most common problem is growth hormone deficiency , which is often left untreated [ 1 ] [ 4 ] but may cause decreased muscle mass and strength, obesity and fatigue.