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Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .
Note: ρ is density, n is refractive index at 589 nm, [clarification needed] and η is viscosity, all at 20 °C; T eq is the equilibrium temperature between two phases: ice/liquid solution for T eq < 0–0.1 °C and NaCl/liquid solution for T eq above 0.1 °C.
As a reference, molten sodium chloride, table salt has a melting point (m.p.) of 801 °C (1,474 °F). A variety of eutectic mixtures have been developed with lower melting points: Chlorides
The Gmelin rare earths handbook lists 1522 °C and 1550 °C as two melting points given in the literature, the most recent reference [Handbook on the chemistry and physics of rare earths, vol.12 (1989)] is given with 1529 °C.
Above their melting point, salts melt and become molten salts (although some salts such as aluminium chloride and iron(III) chloride show molecule-like structures in the liquid phase). [63] Inorganic compounds with simple ions typically have small ions, and thus have high melting points, so are solids at room temperature.
2, a heavy yellow liquid which on immersion in a mixture of salt and ice could not be solidified and was probably the first report of room-temperature ionic liquid. [12] [13] Later in 1914, Paul Walden reported one of the first stable room-temperature ionic liquids ethylammonium nitrate (C 2 H 5) NH + 3 · NO − 3 (m.p. 12 °C). [14]
The melting point of sodium is 98 °C (208 °F). This means that sodium-based batteries operate at temperatures between 245 and 350 °C (470 and 660 °F). [6] Research has investigated metal combinations with operating temperatures at 200 °C (390 °F) and room temperature. [7]
The eutectic alloy with fineness exactly 719 will reach liquidus line, and therefore melt entirely, at that exact temperature without any further rise of temperature till all of the alloy has melted. Any silver with fineness between 80 and 912 but not exactly 719 will also reach the solidus line at exactly 780 °C, but will melt partly.