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Phenylketonuria is an inherited genetic disorder. It is caused by mutations in the PAH gene, which can result in inefficient or nonfunctional phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme responsible for the metabolism of excess phenylalanine. This results in the buildup of dietary phenylalanine to potentially toxic levels.
Hyperphenylalaninemia is a medical condition characterized by mildly or strongly elevated concentrations of the amino acid phenylalanine in the blood. Phenylketonuria (PKU) can result in severe hyperphenylalaninemia. [2] Phenylalanine concentrations are routinely screened in newborns by the neonatal heel prick (Guthrie test), which takes a few ...
The European Society for Phenylketonuria and Allied Disorders Treated as Phenylketonuria ( E.S.PKU) is a Europe-based non-profit organization. It was founded in 1987 by patient-driven associations to help improve the treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) in Europe.
A common example of pleiotropy is the human disease phenylketonuria (PKU). This disease causes mental retardation and reduced hair and skin pigmentation , and can be caused by any of a large number of mutations in the single gene on chromosome 12 that codes for the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase , which converts the amino acid phenylalanine ...
Newborn screening (NBS) is a public health program of screening in infants shortly after birth for conditions that are treatable, but not clinically evident in the newborn period. The goal is to identify infants at risk for these conditions early enough to confirm the diagnosis and provide intervention that will alter the clinical course of the ...
Inborn errors of metabolism form a large class of genetic diseases involving congenital disorders of enzyme activities. [1] The majority are due to defects of single genes that code for enzymes that facilitate conversion of various substances (substrates) into others (products). In most of the disorders, problems arise due to accumulation of ...
The compound exists in equilibrium with its (E)- and (Z)-enol tautomers.[citation needed] It is a product from the oxidative deamination of phenylalanine.When the activity of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is reduced, the amino acid phenylalanine accumulates and gets converted into phenylpyruvic acid (phenylpyruvate), which leads to 'Phenylketonuria (PKU)' instead of 'tyrosine' which is ...
Genetic disorder. A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome. It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic) or by a chromosome abnormality. Although polygenic disorders are the most common, the term is mostly used when discussing disorders with a single ...