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Geometry index. In coordination chemistry and crystallography, the geometry index or structural parameter (τ) is a number ranging from 0 to 1 that indicates what the geometry of the coordination center is. The first such parameter for 5-coordinate compounds was developed in 1984. [1] Later, parameters for 4-coordinate compounds were developed. [2]
In mathematics, a fractal dimension is a term invoked in the science of geometry to provide a rational statistical index of complexity detail in a pattern. A fractal pattern changes with the scale at which it is measured. It is also a measure of the space-filling capacity of a pattern, and it tells how a fractal scales differently, in a fractal ...
Similarity measure. In statistics and related fields, a similarity measure or similarity function or similarity metric is a real-valued function that quantifies the similarity between two objects. Although no single definition of a similarity exists, usually such measures are in some sense the inverse of distance metrics: they take on large ...
The overlap coefficient, [note 1] or Szymkiewicz–Simpson coefficient, [citation needed][3][4][5] is a similarity measure that measures the overlap between two finite sets. It is related to the Jaccard index and is defined as the size of the intersection divided by the size of the smaller of two sets: Note that .
In mathematics, specifically set theory, the Cartesian product of two sets A and B, denoted A × B, is the set of all ordered pairs (a, b) where a is in A and b is in B. [1] In terms of set-builder notation, that is [2][3] A table can be created by taking the Cartesian product of a set of rows and a set of columns.
The geometric mean of a data set {,, …,} is given by: (=) =. [3]The above figure uses capital pi notation to show a series of multiplications. Each side of the equal sign shows that a set of values is multiplied in succession (the number of values is represented by "n") to give a total product of the set, and then the nth root of the total product is taken to give the geometric mean of the ...
Euclidean distance. In mathematics, the Euclidean distance between two points in Euclidean space is the length of the line segment between them. It can be calculated from the Cartesian coordinates of the points using the Pythagorean theorem, and therefore is occasionally called the Pythagorean distance. These names come from the ancient Greek ...
Intersection (set theory) The intersection of two sets and represented by circles. is in red. The intersection of and is the set of elements that lie in both set and set . In set theory, the intersection of two sets and denoted by [1] is the set containing all elements of that also belong to or equivalently, all elements of that also belong to [2]