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To form consonant clusters, Gurmukhi uniquely affixes subscript letters at the bottom of standard characters, rather than using the true conjunct symbols used by other scripts, [15] which merge parts of each letter into a distinct character of its own. Punjabi is a tonal language with three tones.
Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, pronounced [ʃäː (ɦ)˦.mʊ.kʰiː], lit. 'from the Shah's or king's mouth'; Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ) is the right-to-left abjad -based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan. [1][2][3][4] It is generally ...
Hindi–Urdu transliteration. Hindi–Urdu (Devanagari: हिन्दी-उर्दू, Nastaliq: ہندی-اردو) (also known as Hindustani) [1][2] is the lingua franca of modern-day Northern India and Pakistan (together classically known as Hindustan). [3] Modern Standard Hindi is officially registered in India as a standard written ...
Ik Onkar has a distinct spelling in the Gurmukhi script [14] and the phrase is found in many Sikh religious scriptures and inscribed in places of worship such as gurdwaras. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] In Mul Mantar
Sikh scriptures. The principal Sikh scripture is the Adi Granth (First Scripture), more commonly called the Guru Granth Sahib. The second most important scripture of the Sikhs is the Dasam Granth. Both of these consist of text which was written or authorised by the Sikh Gurus. Within Sikhism the Sri Guru Granth Sahib or Adi Granth is more than ...
Devanāgarī is formed by the addition of the word deva (देव) to the word nāgarī (नागरी). Nāgarī is an adjective derived from nagara (नगर), a Sanskrit word meaning "town" or "city," and literally means "urban" or "urbane". [22] The word Nāgarī (implicitly modifying lipi, "script") was used on its own to refer to a ...
Ajj Aakhaan Waris Shah Nu (English: "Today I Invoke Waris Shah" [1] or "I Say Unto Waris Shah", [2] Punjabi: اَج آکھاں وارث شاہ نُوں, ਅੱਜ ਆਖਾਂ ਵਾਰਸ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੂੰ) is a famous dirge by the renowned Punjabi writer and poet Amrita Pritam (1919-2005) about the horrors of the partition of the Punjab during the 1947 Partition of India. [3]
Sikh scriptures. v. t. e. The Zafarnāma (Gurmukhi: ਜ਼ਫ਼ਰਨਾਮਾ; Persian: ظفرنامہ, romanized: Zafarnameh, lit. 'Epistle of Victory') was a spiritual victory letter sent by Guru Gobind Singh in 1705 to the Mughal Emperor of India, Aurangzeb, after the Battle of Chamkaur.