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Geologic map of the Sonoma Volcanics. The Sonoma Volcanics are a geologic formation of volcanic origin that is widespread in Napa and Sonoma counties, California.Most of the formation is Pliocene in age and includes obsidian, perlitic glass, diatomaceous mud, pyroclastic tuff, pumice, rhyolite tuffs, andesite breccias and interbedded volcanic lava flows.
[20]: 21–22 In the Long Valley region, where the craters are located, basin and range extension encroaches onto the thick and stable crust of the Sierra Nevada. [21] Geologic map of the area. Basement rock under the Mono–Inyo chain consists of the same granitic and metamorphic rock that make up the Sierra Nevada.
The Salton Buttes lie on the southeastern shores of the Salton Sea, with their peaks at an elevation of −40 m (−130 ft), [1] in Imperial County, California. [2] [3] The towns of Niland and Calipatria lie northeast and southeast of the Salton Buttes, respectively, [4] and Palm Springs is 140 kilometers (90 mi) northwest. [5]
Obsidian has also been found in Gilat, a site in the western Negev in Israel. Eight obsidian artifacts dating to the Chalcolithic Age found at this site were traced to obsidian sources in Anatolia. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) on the obsidian found at this site helped to reveal trade routes and exchange networks previously unknown. [52]
It formed when the continent's core, the North American craton, began to split apart during the Mesoproterozoic era of the Precambrian, about 1.1 billion years ago. The rift failed , leaving behind thick layers of igneous rock that are exposed in its northern reaches, but buried beneath later sedimentary formations along most of its western and ...
Plant communities include California oak woodland, riparian woodland, Douglas fir forest, chaparral, grassland, and marsh. The dominant plant community is the oak woodland, which has a canopy of coast live oak, Garry oak, black oak, Pacific madrone, bigleaf maple, and California laurel. Canyon live oak occurs in swales and creeks.
Frog Woman Rock (Pomo: Bi-tsin’ ma-ca Ka-be) is a distinctive volcanic monolith located in Mendocino County, California, in the Russian River canyon through the California Coast Ranges. The California Historical Landmark, [1] adjacent to U.S. Route 101, is a popular recreational site for rock-climbing and whitewater kayaking.
In fact, the mountains are named for the numerous deposits of obsidian found on their slopes. [ 2 ] [ 8 ] [ 24 ] There is a wide variety of high-quality obsidian found in the area including jet black, brown, green, red fire, pumpkin, mahogany, midnight lace, rainbow, gold sheen, silver sheen, and snowflake as well as several double flow varieties.