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The average product of labor (APL) is the total product of labor divided by the number of units of labor employed, or Q/L. [2] The average product of labor is a common measure of labor productivity. [4] [5] The AP L curve is shaped like an inverted “u”. At low production levels the AP L tends to increase as additional labor is added.
Average physical product (APP), marginal physical product (MPP) In economics and in particular neoclassical economics, the marginal product or marginal physical productivity of an input (factor of production) is the change in output resulting from employing one more unit of a particular input (for instance, the change in output when a firm's labor is increased from five to six units), assuming ...
In economics, average cost (AC) or unit cost is equal to total cost (TC) divided by the number of units of a good produced (the output Q): A C = T C Q . {\displaystyle AC={\frac {TC}{Q}}.} Average cost is an important factor in determining how businesses will choose to price their products.
Graph of total, average, and marginal product In economics , a production function gives the technological relation between quantities of physical inputs and quantities of output of goods. The production function is one of the key concepts of mainstream neoclassical theories, used to define marginal product and to distinguish allocative ...
Other economic models use the total variable cost curve (and therefore total cost curve) to illustrate the concepts of increasing, and later diminishing, marginal return. In marketing, it is necessary to know how total costs divide between variable and fixed.
In economics, the marginal product of capital (MP K) is the additional production that a firm experiences when it adds an extra unit of input. [1] It is a feature of the production function , alongside the labour input.
Marginal revenue is a fundamental tool for economic decision making within a firm's setting, together with marginal cost to be considered. [9] In a perfectly competitive market, the incremental revenue generated by selling an additional unit of a good is equal to the price the firm is able to charge the buyer of the good.
The distinction is currently best known in the professions of auditing, [5] econometrics and banking, which calculate and apply many different kinds of prices, to value labour, products and assets. The distinction has enormous significance for economic theory, and for econometric measurement and price theory; the main reason is that price data ...