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In theoretical particle physics, maximally helicity violating amplitudes (MHV) are amplitudes with massless external gauge bosons, where gauge bosons have a particular helicity and the other two have the opposite helicity. These amplitudes are called MHV amplitudes, because at tree level, they violate helicity conservation to the maximum extent ...
A possible mechanism behind this is the activation of mechanoreceptors by sound waves, which causes a flux of Ca 2+ into the plant cell causing it to depolarize [11] Because of the specific frequencies produced by the pollinators’ wings, perhaps only a distinct amount of Ca 2+ enters the cell, which would ultimately determine the plant ...
The following is a breakdown of the energetics of the photosynthesis process from Photosynthesis by Hall and Rao: [6]. Starting with the solar spectrum falling on a leaf, 47% lost due to photons outside the 400–700 nm active range (chlorophyll uses photons between 400 and 700 nm, extracting the energy of one 700 nm photon from each one)
In physics and physical chemistry, time-resolved spectroscopy is the study of dynamic processes in materials or chemical compounds by means of spectroscopic techniques.Most often, processes are studied after the illumination of a material occurs, but in principle, the technique can be applied to any process that leads to a change in properties of a material.
The Kubo formula, named for Ryogo Kubo who first presented the formula in 1957, [1] [2] is an equation which expresses the linear response of an observable quantity due to a time-dependent perturbation.
The Minnaert resonance [1] [2] [3] is a phenomenon associated with a gas bubble pulsating at its natural frequency in a liquid, neglecting the effects of surface tension and viscous attenuation. It is the frequency of the sound made by a drop of water from a tap falling in water underneath, trapping a bubble of air as it falls.
Like FvFm, Y(II) represents a measurement ratio of plant efficiency, but in this case, it is an indication of the amount of energy used in photochemistry by photosystem II under steady-state photosynthetic lighting conditions. For most types of plant stress, Y(II) correlates to plant carbon assimilation in a linear fashion in C 4 plants.
As was our expectation, the frequency distribution can be separated into two parts. One is t ≤ 0 and the other is t > 0. The white part is the frequency band occupied by x(t) and the black part is not used. Note that for each point in time there is both a negative (upper white part) and a positive (lower white part) frequency component.