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Amphibole (/ ˈ æ m f ə b oʊ l / AM-fə-bohl) is a group of inosilicate minerals, forming prism or needlelike crystals, [1] composed of double chain SiO 4 tetrahedra , linked at the vertices and generally containing ions of iron and/or magnesium in their structures.
This is a list of minerals which have Wikipedia articles. Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species .
Hornblende is a complex inosilicate series of minerals. [6] It is not a recognized mineral in its own right, but the name is used as a general or field term, to refer to a dark amphibole. Hornblende minerals are common in igneous and metamorphic rocks. The general formula is (Ca,Na) 2−3 (Mg,Fe,Al) 5 (Al,Si) 8 O 22 (OH,F) 2.
A low-temperature solvus in the mineral causes exsolution changing the chemistry of a specimen [9] resulting in confusing variations and close peaks in the diffraction pattern due to overlapping of phases. [10] Ferrogedrite is an orthorhombic dipyramidal amphibole with an H-M symbol of 2/m 2/m 2/m, and its space group is Pnma. [6]
For example, the amphibole group consists of 15 or more mineral species, most of them with the general unit formula A x B y C 14-3x-2y Si 8 O 22 (OH) 2, where A is a trivalent cation such as Fe 3+ or Al 3+, B is a divalent cation such as Fe 2+, Ca 2+, or Mg 2+, and C is an alkali metal cation such as Li +, Na +, or K +. In all these minerals ...
Cummingtonite is used to describe minerals of this formula with between 30 and 70 per cent Fe 7 Si 8 O 22 (OH) 2. Thus, cummingtonite is the series intermediate. Manganese also substitutes for (Fe,Mg) within cummingtonite amphibole, replacing B site atoms.