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The Central Bank of Syria raised the buying exchange rate to 15,000 Syrian pounds to the United States dollar, 15,760.50 pounds to the Euro, and 428.97 pounds to the Turkish lira. [59] On 18 December the CBS said that ATM and electronic payment services were resumed, and directed banks to monitor withdrawal operations for what it said were ...
Total trade was worth €7.18 billion in 2010 and the EU is Syria's largest trading partner with 22.5% of its trade (Syria is the EU's 50th). [21] Bilateral trade has contracted since the war to €1.45 billion in 2013, a drop of 91% of exports from Syria and of 61% of exports from the EU compared to 2011. [3]
The 2024 Kobani clashes were a military campaign conducted by the pro-Turkish Syrian National Army (SNA) and the Turkish Air Force against Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) following the successful 2024 Manbij offensive.
The Turkish offensive in northern Syria expanded, with the Turkish Armed Forces launching airstrikes in the vicinity of Kobani later that month. [35] On 23 December 2024, the SDF launched an offensive in the eastern countryside of Aleppo to regain control of positions around the Tishrin Dam and to gain further territory along the Euphrates ...
Syria is often called Iran's "closest ally", [287] the Arab nationalism ideology of Syria's ruling Baath party notwithstanding. During the Iran–Iraq War , Syria sided with non-Arab Iran against its enemy Iraq and was isolated by Saudi Arabia and some of the Arab countries, with the exceptions of Libya , Lebanon , Algeria , Sudan and Oman .
The Syrian Revolution, [29] [30] also known as the Syrian Revolution of Dignity [b] was a series of mass protests and civilian uprisings throughout Syria – with a subsequent violent reaction by the Ba'athist regime – lasting from February 2011 to December 2024 as part of the greater Arab Spring in the Arab world.
The Syrian National Army (SNA; [6] Arabic: الجيش الوطني السوري, romanized: al-Jaysh al-Waṭanī as-Sūrī), also known as the Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army (TFSA), [b] [29] [30] [31] is a coalition of armed Syrian opposition groups that participate in the Syrian civil war.
South Africa–Syria relations refer to the current and historic relationship between the Republic of South Africa and the Syrian Arab Republic. The two countries established diplomatic relations on 1 June 1994 following the end of Apartheid. [1] Syria maintains an embassy in Pretoria whilst South Africa maintains an embassy in Damascus. [2] [3]