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Sodium phenoxide is a moderately strong base. Acidification gives phenol: [5] PhOH ⇌ PhO − + H + (K = 10 −10) The acid-base behavior is complicated by homoassociation, reflecting the association of phenol and phenoxide. [6] Sodium phenoxide reacts with alkylating agents to afford alkyl phenyl ethers: [2]
Aqueous solutions of phenol are weakly acidic and turn blue litmus slightly to red. Phenol is neutralized by sodium hydroxide forming sodium phenate or phenolate, but being weaker than carbonic acid, it cannot be neutralized by sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate to liberate carbon dioxide. C 6 H 5 OH + NaOH → C 6 H 5 ONa + H 2 O
2,4-Bis(4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol 306.125594 C16H20O6: Monocerin 308.1259876 C13H12O9: Caftaric acid 312.048132 C13H16O9: Norbergenin 314.063782 C17H14O6: Ermanin, others 314.079038 C18H18O5: Flavokavain A, others 314.115424 C17H15O6: Rosinidin 315.086863 C16H12O7: Isorhamnetin, others 316.058303 C19H24O4: Ferujol 316.167459 C18H20O5 ...
Phenol is readily alkylated at the ortho positions using alkenes in the presence of a Lewis acid such as aluminium phenoxide: [citation needed] CH 2 =CR 2 + C 6 H 5 OH → R 2 CHCH 2 -2-C 6 H 4 OH More than 100,000 tons of tert-butyl phenols are produced annually (year: 2000) in this way, using isobutylene (CH 2 =CMe 2 ) as the alkylating agent.
When 1-[14 C]-1-chlorobenzene was subjected to aqueous NaOH at 395 °C, ipso substitution product 1-[14 C]-phenol was formed in 54% yield, while cine substitution product 2-[14 C]-phenol was formed in 43% yield, indicating that an elimination-addition (benzyne) mechanism is predominant, with perhaps a small amount of product from addition ...
p-Cresol is a major component in pig odor. [11] Temporal glands secretion examination showed the presence of phenol and p-cresol during musth in male elephants. [12] [13] It is one of the very few compounds to attract the orchid bee Euglossa cyanura and has been used to capture and study the species.
In cases where the hydroxy group is bonded to an sp 2 carbon on an aromatic ring, the molecule is classified separately as a phenol and is named using the IUPAC rules for naming phenols. [21] Phenols have distinct properties and are not classified as alcohols.
Thiophenol is an organosulfur compound with the formula C 6 H 5 SH, sometimes abbreviated as PhSH. This foul-smelling colorless liquid is the simplest aromatic thiol.The chemical structures of thiophenol and its derivatives are analogous to phenols, where the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded to the aromatic ring in phenol is replaced by a sulfur atom.