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This does not include the uninsulated ground wire. For instance, if the cable lists "12-2 AWG", it means there are two insulated 12-gauge wires (a black and a white wire), plus a ground wire. If the label says "12-3", this cable has four conductors—three 12-gauge insulated wires and a bare copper ground wire. [5]
The resistance of copper wire is approximately 1 Ω / 1000 ft for 10 AWG, 10 Ω / 1000 ft for 20 AWG, 100 Ω / 1000 ft for 30 AWG, and so on. [ 5 ] : 27 For an arbitrary gauge n , it's approximately 10 n /10 Ω per 10 000 ft .
Common 3 phase configurations within a building are 208v/120 wye, 120/240 center tapped delta and 480v/277v wye. Lighting is usually fed by 277 V or 120v. Countries such as Mexico may adopt the NFPA standard as their national electrical code, with local amendments similar to those in United States jurisdictions.
Modern two or three-wire+ground PVC-insulated cable (e.g., NM-B), produced by such brands as Romex [citation needed] Aluminum wire was used in the 1960s and 1970s as a cheap replacement for copper and is still used today, but this is now considered [by whom?] unsafe, without proper installation, due to corrosion, softness and creeping of ...
The maximum length for a cable segment is 100 meters (330 ft) per TIA/EIA 568-5-A. [31] If longer runs are required, the use of active hardware such as a repeater or switch is necessary. [32] [33] The specifications for 10BASE-T networking specify a 100-meter length between active devices. [34]
Accordingly, one pound of aluminum has the same current carrying capacity as two pounds of copper. [3] Since copper costs about four times as much as aluminum by weight (roughly US$4 /lb [ 5 ] vs. US$1 /lb [ 6 ] as of 2024 [update] ), aluminum wires are one-eighth the cost of copper wire of the same conductivity.