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ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. [1] Each language is assigned a two-letter (set 1) and three-letter lowercase abbreviation (sets 2–5). [ 2 ] Part 1 of the standard, ISO 639-1 defines the two-letter codes, and Part 3 (2007), ISO 639-3 , defines the three-letter codes, aiming to cover all known natural ...
The standardization of a language is a continual process, because language is always changing and a language-in-use cannot be permanently standardized like the parts of a machine. [8] Standardization may originate from a motivation to make the written form of a language more uniform, as is the case of Standard English . [ 9 ]
This is a list of bodies that consider themselves to be authorities on standard languages, often called language academies.Language academies are motivated by, or closely associated with, linguistic purism and prestige, and typically publish prescriptive dictionaries, [1] which purport to officiate and prescribe the meaning of words and pronunciations.
This is a list of ISO 639 codes and IETF language tags (BCP 47) for individual constructed languages, complete as of January 2023.. ISO 639-2 and ISO 639-5 also have the code art for artificial languages. [1]
When two standards are based on identical or near-identical dialects, he considered them as splits of the same standard into two or more, constituting a pluricentric language. Examples include British and American Standard English, Standard Austrian German and German Standard German, [13] or European and Brazilian variants of Portuguese. [12]
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Codifying a language can vary from case to case and depends on the stage of standardization that might have already occurred naturally. It typically means to develop a writing system , set up normative rules for grammar , orthography , pronunciation , and usage of vocabulary as well as publish grammar books, dictionaries and similar guidelines.
In an English-speaking country, Standard English (SE) is the variety of English that has undergone codification to the point of being socially perceived as the standard language, associated with formal schooling, language assessment, and official print publications, such as public service announcements and newspapers of record, etc. [1] All linguistic features are subject to the effects of ...