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Military courts, in contrast to civilian courts, are operated by military staff, which includes judges and legal professionals. These individuals are members of the Pakistan Army, Navy, and Air Force. In addition to judges, other military personnel also have a significant influence on the decision-making process within these courts. [2]
Military coups in Pakistan began in 1958 when military officer Muhammad Ayub Khan overthrew and exiled president Iskandar Ali Mirza. [1] [2] Since its creation in 1947, Pakistan has spent several decades under military rule (1958–1971, 1977–1988, 1999–2008). After their respective terms in office, each of the past five prime ministers of ...
Military courts commenced in independent Pakistan to try mostly army officers accused of treason in the Rawalpindi conspiracy case in 1951, followed by select military tribunals trying religious leaders in the aftermath of the Lahore riots of 1953 and the imposition of city-wide martial law (the sentences were nullified when martial law was ...
Pakistan has maintained military-to-military relations with the 30 member states of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization . [137] NATO regards its relations with Pakistan as "partners across the globe." [137] With the support of US Secretary of State Colin Powell, Pakistan was designated a "major non-NATO ally" in 2004.
The concept of National Security Council as a bridge of stabilizing the civil-military relations has always been favoured by the military spectrum of Pakistan since 1971. [2] In 1973, Pakistan military has sent repeated recommendations of peculiar structure of the NSC in which senior military commanders of Pakistan Armed Forces are ensured a ...
The Civil Armed Forces (CAF) [2] are a group of nine paramilitary and gendarmerie organisations, separate and distinct from the regular Pakistan Armed Forces.They are responsible for maintaining internal security, helping law enforcement agencies, border control, counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism, riot control, and anti-smuggling under the Ministry of Interior.
Civil-military co-operation; Civil-military operations; Civil–military relations during the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan government; Civil control of the military; Civilian dictatorship; CNN effect; Come Back Alive; Coup d'état; Criticism of the military of Pakistan
She has written extensively on the Pakistan military, and her research has covered issues varying from the Pakistan military's covert development of military technology, defensive game theory, nuclear deterrence, arms procurement and arms production, to civil-military relations in Pakistan. [1] [10]