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For example, most human observers know that an apple typically has a reddish hue; this knowledge about the canonical color which is represented in memory constitutes a memory color. [1] [2] As an example of the effect, normal human trichromats, when presented with a gray banana, often perceive the gray banana as being yellow - the banana's ...
For example, the color of an object might appear different in the light from the sun versus from an incandescent (tungsten) light bulb. With the incandescent light bulb, the object might appear more orange or "brownish", and dark colors might look even darker. [23] Light and the color of an object may affect how one perceives its positioning.
Embodied cognition is the concept suggesting that many features of cognition are shaped by the bodily state and capacities of the organism. These embodied factors include the motor system, the perceptual system, the bodily interactions with the environment (situatedness), and the assumptions about the world that shape the functional structure of the brain and body of the organism.
Priming, motor memory and classical conditioning are all examples of implicit memory. An example of implicit memory's effect on our social interactions has been illustrated by the pin-in-hand phenomenon. [46] This phenomenon was first observed by Claparède [46] while dealing with an amnesiac patient. Normally, he would shake the patient's hand ...
State-dependent memory is one example of encoding specificity. If an individual encodes information while intoxicated he or she, ideally, should match that state when attempting to recall the encoded information. This type of state-dependent effect is strongest with free recall rather than when strong retrieval cues are present. [16]
The priming theory states that media images stimulate related thoughts in the minds of audience members. [1]Grounded in cognitive psychology, the theory of media priming is derived from the associative network model of human memory, in which an idea or concept is stored as a node in the network and is related to other ideas or concepts by semantic paths.
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A basic task that demonstrates this effect occurs when there is a mismatch between the name of a color (e.g., "blue", "green", or "red") and the color it is printed in (i.e., the word "red" printed in blue ink instead of red ink, thus red). Typically, when a person is asked to name the color of the word, they take longer and are more prone to ...