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The Sanhedrin (Hebrew and Middle Aramaic סַנְהֶדְרִין, a loanword from Koinē Greek: Συνέδριον, romanized: synedrion, [1] 'assembly,' 'sitting together,' hence 'assembly' or 'council') was a legislative and judicial assembly of either 23 or 70 elders, existing at both a local and central level in the ancient Land of Israel.
Sanhedrin trial before Caiaphas (Matthew, Mark, Luke) or Annas (John) Matthew 26:57–67. Jesus taken to Caiaphas' court. Sanhedrin brought forth false witnesses. Jesus remained silent. Caiaphas: 'Are you the Messiah, the Son of God?' Jesus: 'You say so, but from now on you will see the Son of Man next to the Mighty One and coming on the clouds ...
The Acts of the Apostles depicts instances of early Christian persecution by the Sanhedrin, the Jewish religious court. [1] Walter Laqueur argues that hostility between Christians and Jews grew over the generations. By the 4th century, John Chrysostom was arguing that the Pharisees alone, not the Romans, were responsible for the murder of Christ.
Beginning with Jean Juster in 1914, Hans Lietzmann in 1931 and Paul Winter in 1974 [9] looked at the legal history of the period and found several executions carried out on orders of the Sanhedrin with no mention of Roman authorities. In early Christian tradition Stephen and James were tried and sentenced to death by the Sanhedrin.
Three of the four canonical Gospels identify him as a member of the Sanhedrin, while the Gospel of Matthew identifies him as a rich disciple of Jesus. The historical location of Arimathea is uncertain, although it has been identified with several towns. [3] A number of stories about him developed during the Middle Ages.
Joseph ben Caiaphas [a] (/ ˈ k aɪ. ə. f ə s /; [b] c. 14 BC – c. 46 AD) was the High Priest of Israel during the first century. [1] In the New Testament, the Gospels of Matthew, Luke and John indicate he was an organizer of the plot to kill Jesus.
In the Gospel of Luke, after the Sanhedrin trial of Jesus, the Court elders ask Pontius Pilate to judge and condemn Jesus in Luke 23:2, accusing Jesus of making false claims of being a king. While questioning Jesus about the claim of being the King of the Jews , Pilate realizes that Jesus is a Galilean and therefore under Herod's jurisdiction.
Here Luke gives a glimpse of "the inner workings of the Sanhedrin", especially their elitist perspective: they perceive the apostles in verse 13 to be "uneducated and untrained men". [22] This may not mean that they were totally illiterate, but that they lacked the level of education shared by the elders and the scribes.