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David Spera (ed,) Wind Turbine Technology: Fundamental Concepts in Wind Turbine Engineering, Second Edition (2009), ASME Press, ISBN 9780791802601; Alois Schaffarczyk (ed.), Understanding wind power technology, John Wiley & Sons, (2014), ISBN 978-1-118-64751-6; Hermann-Josef Wagner, Jyotirmay Mathur, Introduction to wind energy systems.
An example of a wind turbine, this 3 bladed turbine is the classic design of modern wind turbines Wind turbine components : 1-Foundation, 2-Connection to the electric grid, 3-Tower, 4-Access ladder, 5-Wind orientation control (Yaw control), 6-Nacelle, 7-Generator, 8-Anemometer, 9-Electric or Mechanical Brake, 10-Gearbox, 11-Rotor blade, 12-Blade pitch control, 13-Rotor hub
Although wind turbines with fixed bases are a mature technology and new installations are generally no longer subsidized, [137] [138] floating wind turbines are a relatively new technology so some governments subsidize them, for example to use deeper waters. [139] Fossil fuel subsidies by some governments are slowing the growth of renewables. [140]
This is useful for large variable speed wind turbines, because wind speed can change suddenly. When a gust of wind hits a wind turbine, the blades try to speed up, but a synchronous generator is locked to the speed of the power grid and cannot speed up. So large forces are developed in the hub, gearbox, and generator as the power grid pushes back.
The power coefficient is a representation of how much of the available power in the wind is captured by the wind turbine and can be looked up in the graph above. The torque, Q {\displaystyle Q} , on the rotor shaft is given by the ratio of the power extracted to the rotor speed:
The world's tallest vertical-axis wind turbine, in Cap-Chat, Quebec Vortexis schematic Vertical axis wind turbine offshore. A vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a type of wind turbine where the main rotor shaft is set transverse to the wind while the main components are located at the base of the turbine. This arrangement allows the generator ...
Wind-turbine blades in laydown yard awaiting installation. The primary application of wind turbines is to generate energy using the wind. Hence, the aerodynamics is a very important aspect of wind turbines. Like most machines, wind turbines come in many different types, all of them based on different energy extraction concepts.
IEC 61400-25-6:2016 Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring; IEC TS 61400-25-71:2019 Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants - Configuration description language; IEC TS 61400-26-1:2019 Availability for wind energy generation systems