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The pupil of the human eye can range in size from 2 mm to over 8 mm to adapt to the environment. The human eye can detect a luminance from 10 −6 cd/m 2, or one millionth (0.000001) of a candela per square meter to 10 8 cd/m 2 or one hundred million (100,000,000) candelas per square meter.
The irises of human eyes exhibit a wide spectrum of colours. Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic trait determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris [1] [2] and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris. [3]: 9
This discovery has generated interest and discussion among scientists because it raises important questions about the evolutionary pressures that led to the development of color vision. Early forms of color vision may have been utilized for activities such as foraging, mate choice, or avoiding predators, even in a less colorful world. [11]
Human eye pigmentation in Europe Among human phenotypes, blue-green-gray eyes are a relatively rare [citation needed] eye color and the exact color is often perceived to vary according to its surroundings. The iris is usually strongly pigmented, with the color typically ranging between brown, hazel, green, gray, and blue.
The RGB color model, therefore, is a convenient means for representing color but is not directly based on the types of cones in the human eye. The peak response of human cone cells varies, even among individuals with so-called normal color vision; [8] in some non-human species this polymorphic variation is even greater, and it may well be adaptive.
A colorful sky is often due to indirect sunlight being scattered off air molecules and particulates, like smog, soot, and cloud droplets, as shown in this photo of a sunset during the October 2007 California wildfires. Atmospheric optics is "the study of the optical characteristics of the atmosphere or products of atmospheric processes ....
A raccoon's eyes brightly reflect a camera flash. The light from the eyes of some animals (such as cats, which modern science has determined have highly reflective eyes) could also be seen in "darkness". Adherents of intromission theory countered by saying that if emission theory were true, then someone with weak eyes should have their vision ...
Trichromacy or trichromatism is the possession of three independent channels for conveying color information, derived from the three different types of cone cells in the eye. [1] Organisms with trichromacy are called trichromats.