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From September 1933, many of these ex-Soviet Jewish refugees in northern Afghanistan were forcibly relocated to major cities such as Kabul and Herat, [10] [11] [12] but continued to live in under restrictions on work and trade. [10]
Despite that most Jews had already departed from the country by this time, with the majority settling down in Israel, Simintov did not permanently relocate; he briefly lived in Turkmenistan but returned to Kabul in 1998, by which time the Taliban had officially established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
Despite a 2,000-year history of Jewish presence, there are no longer any known Jews living in Afghanistan, as its last Jewish residents Zebulon Simintov and Tova Moradi, fled the country in September [74] and October 2021, [75] [76] respectively.
There was a small Jewish community in Afghanistan who fled the country before and after the 1979 Soviet invasion. It is thought that there are between 500 and 1,000 secret Jews in Afghanistan who were forced to convert to Islam after the Taliban took control of the country in the 1990s. There are Afghan Jewish expatriate communities in Israel ...
As Afghanistan is a landlocked country located between Central Asia and South Asia, the Jews who lived in Afghanistan are sometimes considered to be the same as Bukharan Jews, though some Jews from Afghanistan identify solely as "Afghan Jews." [81]
Despite societal restrictions, many sources claim that there is a secret underground community of Afghan Christians living in Afghanistan. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] The US Department of State has stated that estimates of the size of this group range from 500 to 8,000 individuals. [ 12 ]
The Kabul synagogue, known by locals as the Jewish Mosque, [1] [2] is an abandoned Jewish congregation and synagogue in Kabul, Afghanistan.The synagogue was completed in 1966, when Afghanistan's Jewish population numbered in the thousands.
Ethnic groups in Afghanistan as of 1997. Afghanistan is a multiethnic and mostly tribal society. The population of the country consists of numerous ethnolinguistic groups: mainly the Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, and Uzbek, as well as the minorities of Aimaq, Turkmen, Baloch, Pashai, Nuristani, Gujjar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Pamiri, Kyrgyz, Moghol, and others.