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A pair of officials at a Maryland high school football game in September 2008. White knickers used to be worn by officials; black trousers are now standard.. For ease of recognition, officials are usually clad in a black-and-white vertically striped shirt and black trousers with a thin white stripe down the side (this was formerly white knickers with black/white striped stirrup stockings or ...
The relative positions of American football officials in a seven-official system: The Referee (R) positions himself behind the offensive team, favoring the right side if the quarterback is a right-handed passer. The Umpire (U) stands behind the defensive line and linebackers. The Head Linesman (H) stands at one end of the line of scrimmage.
Diagram of the diagonal system of control showing the paths of the Referee (R) and the Assistant Referees (AR) The predominant system of positioning and division of responsibility used by football match officials throughout the world is known as the Diagonal system of control (DSC). The referee has final decision-making authority on all matters.
The Umpire (U) stands behind the defensive line and linebackers. The Head Linesman (H) stands at one end of the line of scrimmage. The Line Judge (L) stands at the other end of the line of scrimmage. The Field Judge (F) works downfield behind the defensive secondary on the same sideline as the Line Judge.
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A 1904 diagram of an American football field. In this period, lines were painted along the length of the field as well as the width, making a grid pattern. The sport is typically known as simply "football" in the countries where it originated, regardless of the specific variety. [4]
A lacrosse match is presided over by a crew of either two, three, or in some cases four on-field officials. In two-man crew, a Referee and an Umpire are utilized. In a three-man crew, a Referee, Umpire, and Field Judge are utilized. The Referee shall always have the final ruling on any and all matters.
In association football, an assistant referee (also known as a linesman) is an official who assists the referee in administering the Laws of the Game during a match. Although assistants are not required under the Laws, at most organised levels of football the match officiating crew consists of the referee and at least two assistant referees.