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Little Joe 1 (LJ-1) was a failed launch of a Little Joe by NASA, a solid fuel rocket that was designed for a Max Q abort and launch escape system test for the Mercury capsule. The objective was to determine how well the escape rocket would function under the most severe dynamic loading conditions anticipated during a Mercury-Atlas launching. [1]
An unflown Little Joe booster (backup for LJ-2) along with the boilerplate capsule on display at the Air Power Park in Hampton, Virginia [2]. When NASA needed a booster for Project Mercury, the agency found that the Atlas rockets would cost approximately US$2.5 million each and that even the Redstone would cost about $1 million per launch.
Little Joe 1A (LJ-1A) was an uncrewed rocket launched as part of NASA's Mercury program on November 4, 1959. [1] This flight, a repeat of the Little Joe 1 (LJ-1) launch, was to test a launch abort under high aerodynamic load conditions. After lift-off, the pressure sensing system was to indicate when the correct abort dynamic pressure was ...
The Little Joe 1B was a launch escape system test of the Mercury spacecraft, conducted as part of the U.S. Mercury program. The mission also carried a female rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) named Miss Sam in the Mercury spacecraft. The mission was launched January 21, 1960, from Wallops Island, Virginia.
Launch Duration Purpose Result Little Joe 1: Boilerplate August 21, 1959 20 s Test of launch escape system during flight. Failure Big Joe 1: Big Joe Boilerplate September 9, 1959 13 m 00 s Test of heat shield and Atlas/spacecraft interface. Partial success Little Joe 6: Boilerplate October 4, 1959 5 m 10 s Test of spacecraft aerodynamics and ...
Little Joe II flight and capsule launch-escape test. The Qualification Test Vehicle launch, on 28 August 1963, carried a dummy payload consisting of an aluminum shell in the basic shape of the Apollo command module, with an inert LES attached, and demonstrated the rocket would work for the A-001 launch.
Little Joe 5 was the November 8, 1960, unmanned atmospheric test flight of the Mercury spacecraft, conducted as part of the U.S. Mercury program. The objective was to test a production Mercury capsule (#3) and the launch escape system during an ascent abort at maximum dynamic pressure. The mission was launched from Wallops Island, Virginia.
November 4, 1959: Launch of Little Joe 1A. Little Joe 1A was launched in a test for a planned abort under high aerodynamic load conditions. This flight was a repeat of the failed Little Joe 1 launch that had been planned for August 21, 1959. After lift-off, the pressure sensing system was to supply a signal when the intended abort dynamic ...