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The Madras Presidency had the highest literacy rate of all the provinces in British India. [208] In 1901, Madras had a male literacy rate of 11.9 percent and a female literacy rate of 0.9 percent. [209] In 1950, when the Madras Presidency became Madras State, the literacy rate was slightly higher than the national average of 18 percent. [210]
Madras State was a state of India which was in existence during the mid-20th century. The state came into existence on 26 January 1950 when the Constitution of India was adopted and included the present-day Tamil Nadu , Kerala and parts of neighbouring states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka .
Orissa Province was a province of British India created in April 1936 by the partitioning of the Bihar and Orissa Province and adding parts of Madras Presidency and Central Provinces. Its territory corresponds with the present-day state of Odisha .
In 1877, T. Muthuswamy Iyer became the first Indian judge of the Madras High Court despite serious opposition. [9] [10] [11] A number of roads, railways, dams and canals were constructed during this time. [10] During this period, Madras was devastated by two great famines: Great Famine of 1876–78 and the Indian famine of 1896–97. [12]
For example, the renaming of the Madras Presidency to Madras State in 1947 and then Tamil Nadu in 1969 required non-Tamil speakers to change from an approximation of the British name (Tamil: மதராஸ் மாகாணம் Madras Presidency, then Madras State Tamil: மதராஸ் மாநிலம்) to a native Tamil name ...
Odisha Day, also Utkala Dibasa, is celebrated on 1 April in the Indian state of Odisha in memory of the formation of the state as a separate state out of Bihar and Orissa Province with addition of undivided Koraput District and Ganjam District from the Madras Presidency on 1 April 1936.
Parlakhemundi Estate was a Zamindari estate in the Orissa Province, India during the British era.Before the creation of the Orissa province, it was under the Madras Presidency.The state was ruled as an independent kingdom till 1769.The royal family belong to the Krishnatreya gotra Odia Kshatriya and traced their lineage to Eastern Ganga Dynasty.
Renamed Bihar in 1936 when Orissa became a separate province. Delhi: Separated from Punjab in 1912, when it became the capital of British India. Panth Piploda: made a province in 1928, previously administered by the Malwa Agency. Orissa: Separate province by carving out certain portions from the Bihar-Orissa Province and the Madras Province in ...