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The production in 1946 began with mechanical pressure and temperature gauges. The company held its position as one of the world market leaders also after the classical manometry was more and more replaced by electronic pressure and temperature measuring and display devices. In 2010 Wika produced more than 43 Million units.
A special form of the Pirani gauge is the pulsed Pirani vacuum gauge where the sensor wire is not operated at a constant temperature, but is cyclically heated up to a certain temperature threshold by an increasing voltage ramp. When the threshold is reached, the heating voltage is switched off and the sensor cools down again.
Example of the widely used Bourdon pressure gauge Checking tire pressure with a spring and piston tire-pressure gauge. Pressure measurement is the measurement of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area.
A glass McLeod gauge, drained of mercury. A McLeod gauge is a scientific instrument used to measure very low pressures, down to 10 −6 Torr (0.133 mPa). It was invented in 1874 by Herbert McLeod (1841–1923). [1] McLeod gauges were once commonly found attached to equipment that operates under vacuum, such as a lyophilizer. Today, however ...
The low-pressure sensitivity of hot-cathode gauges is limited by the photoelectric effect. Electrons hitting the grid produce X-rays that produce photoelectric noise in the ion collector. This limits the range of older hot-cathode gauges to 10 −8 Torr and the Bayard–Alpert gauges to about 10 −10 Torr. Additional wires at cathode potential ...
Hardened and ground plug gauge Replaceable thread and plug gauges. These gauges are referred to as plug gauges; they are used in the manner of a plug.They are generally assembled from standard parts, where the gauge portion is interchangeable with other gauge pieces (obtained from a set of pin type gauge blocks) and a body that uses the collet principle to hold the gauges firmly.