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Urticating hairs or urticating bristles are one of the primary defense mechanisms used by numerous plants, almost all New World tarantulas, and various lepidopteran caterpillars. Urtica is Latin for "nettle" (stinging nettles are in the genus Urtica ), and bristles that urticate are characteristic of this type of plant, and many other plants in ...
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. [2] As of December 2023, 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. [3] The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".
Although like most new world tarantulas it possesses urticating hairs, if provoked, they would much rather flee than attack. Their venom is not as irritating as many other species of tarantulas. The Brazilian black is a slow grower, taking up to eight years to reach maturity, reaching up to 18 cm (7 in).
Tapinauchenius is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. [2] The name is a combination of the Greek ταπεινός, meaning "low", and αὐχήν, meaning "neck". [3] In 2022, the genus Pseudoclamoris was transferred to Tapinauchenius. [4]
They are distinguished from true spiders by their two pairs of book lungs, vertically oriented chelicerae, and urticating setae. However, like all members of Psalmopoeus, P. irminia lack these urticating hairs but make up for it by having stronger venom compared to other New World tarantulas.
It is similar in coloration to Aphonopelma hentzi, another common Texas species, but is considerably darker. This species has urticating hairs like many New World tarantulas, but lacks any stridulating hairs on their chelicerae. [2]
It is an Old World tarantula, so has no urticating hairs; its only defenses are biting and fleeing. This tarantula is known to have more potent venom than many tarantula species [ citation needed ] , but Cyriopagopus albostriatus venom was shown in a study to have the ability to regulate activity in voltage-gated sodium channels, which are ...
As a defense against potential predators, and in common with many other New World tarantulas, the species of the genus Ephebopus will brush urticating hairs from their bodies. Uniquely, rather than being located on the abdomen, Ephebopus urticating hairs are located on the spider's palps - on the medial side of the palpal femora; [ 8 ] the ...