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This analogy with mechanical equilibrium motivates the terminology of stability and instability. In mathematics, and especially algebraic geometry, stability is a notion which characterises when a geometric object, for example a point, an algebraic variety, a vector bundle, or a sheaf, has some desirable properties for the purpose of ...
In mathematics, stability theory addresses the stability of solutions of differential equations and of trajectories of dynamical systems under small perturbations of initial conditions. The heat equation , for example, is a stable partial differential equation because small perturbations of initial data lead to small variations in temperature ...
A branch of physics that studies atoms as isolated systems of electrons and an atomic nucleus. Compare nuclear physics. atomic structure atomic weight (A) The sum total of protons (or electrons) and neutrons within an atom. audio frequency A periodic vibration whose frequency is in the band audible to the average human, the human hearing range.
Stability generally increases to the left of the diagram. [1] Some sink, source or node are equilibrium points. 2-dimensional case refers to Phase plane. In mathematics, an autonomous system or autonomous differential equation is a system of ordinary differential equations which does not explicitly depend on the independent variable.
[1]: 39 By extension, a physical system made up of many parts is in mechanical equilibrium if the net force on each of its individual parts is zero. [ 1 ] : 45–46 [ 2 ] In addition to defining mechanical equilibrium in terms of force, there are many alternative definitions for mechanical equilibrium which are all mathematically equivalent.
[3] When the CoG moves beyond the BoS, the individual must take a step or hold onto an external support to maintain balance and prevent a fall. [4] [5] These stability limits are perceived rather than solely physiological; they represent the subject's readiness to adjust their CoG position. [1]: 25
In mathematics, and in particular the study of dynamical systems, the idea of stable and unstable sets or stable and unstable manifolds give a formal mathematical definition to the general notions embodied in the idea of an attractor or repellor. In the case of hyperbolic dynamics, the corresponding notion is that of the hyperbolic set.
In the control system theory, the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion is a mathematical test that is a necessary and sufficient condition for the stability of a linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamical system or control system. A stable system is one whose output signal is bounded; the position, velocity or energy do not increase to infinity as ...