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The magnetic field of the Earth, and of other planets that have magnetic fields, is generated by dynamo action in which convection of molten iron in the planetary core generates electric currents which in turn give rise to magnetic fields. [15] In simulations of planetary dynamos, reversals often emerge spontaneously from the underlying dynamics.
The transition from the normal field to the reversed field lasted approximately 250 years, while the magnetic field remained reversed for approximately 440 years. During the transition, Earth's magnetic field declined to a minimum of 5% of its current strength, and was at about 25% of its current strength when fully reversed.
A magnetic field is a vector field, but if it is expressed in Cartesian components X, Y, Z, each component is the derivative of the same scalar function called the magnetic potential. Analyses of the Earth's magnetic field use a modified version of the usual spherical harmonics that differ by a multiplicative factor.
However, the Earth’s magnetic north is constantly influenced by the planets roiling iron core, which produces the entire magnetic field. As a result, magnetic north is always changing, and since ...
New research proposes a link between plate tectonics and reversals of the Earth’s magnetic field
Earth’s inner core, a red-hot ball of iron 1,800 miles below our feet, stopped spinning recently, and it may now be reversing directions, according to an analysis of seismic activity.
Gauss-Matuyama reversal, approximately 2.588 million years ago; Jaramillo reversal, approximately one million years ago; Laschamp event, a short reversal that occurred 41,000 years ago; Reversal of the solar magnetic field; Magnetization reversal, a process leading to a 180° reorientation of the magnetization vector with respect to its initial ...
The magnetic field lines lie in a plane perpendicular to the wire. If the direction of the current is reversed, the direction of the magnetic field reverses. The strength of the field is directly proportional to the magnitude of the current. The strength of the field at any point is inversely proportional to the distance of the point from the wire.