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In molecular spectroscopy, a Jablonski diagram is a diagram that illustrates the electronic states and often the vibrational levels of a molecule, and also the transitions between them. The states are arranged vertically by energy and grouped horizontally by spin multiplicity . [ 1 ]
Jablonski diagram indicating intersystem crossing (left) and internal conversion (right). Internal conversion is a transition from a higher to a lower electronic state in a molecule or atom. [ 1 ] It is sometimes called "radiationless de-excitation", because no photons are emitted.
Jablonski diagram of FRET with typical timescales indicated. The black dashed line indicates a virtual photon.. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence resonance energy transfer, resonance energy transfer (RET) or electronic energy transfer (EET) is a mechanism describing energy transfer between two light-sensitive molecules (chromophores). [1]
In graph theory, the Weisfeiler Leman graph isomorphism test is a heuristic test for the existence of an isomorphism between two graphs G and H. [1] It is a generalization of the color refinement algorithm and has been first described by Weisfeiler and Leman in 1968. [ 2 ]
The former is typically a fast process, yet some amount of the original energy is dissipated so that re-emitted light photons will have lower energy than did the absorbed excitation photons. The re-emitted photon in this case is said to be red shifted, referring to the reduced energy it carries following this loss (as the Jablonski diagram shows).
English: Jablonski diagram of absorbance, non-radiative decay, and fluorescence. Electronic transitions are about 1 eV. Vibrational transitions are about 0.1 eV. Rotational transitions (not shown) are about 0.001 eV. Absorption is about 1 femtosecond, relaxation takes about 1 picosecond, fluorescence takes about 1 nanosecond.
A test designed to identify biomarkers associated with autism just became available in most states. The test is meant to help physicians rule out autism in children who have higher likelihoods of it.
Graphs are commonly used to encode structural information in many fields, including computer vision and pattern recognition, and graph matching, i.e., identification of similarities between graphs, is an important tools in these areas. In these areas graph isomorphism problem is known as the exact graph matching. [47]