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The UK has about 73,000 goats, mostly as milk producers; this number is relatively small by EU standards. [Notes 1] Venison production in the UK is mainly from red deer, with a few fallow deer as well, but there are only about 300 venison-producing farms. As noted above, there are about 26,500 farms with chickens.
The product must be made from full fat cows' milk, from cows grazed in the designated area. The PDO was cancelled under UK law on request of the sole producer, Swaledale Cheese company ltd, when production was moved outside Swaledale following an eviction notice on the original production location. [109] Traditional farmfresh turkey TSG (UK, EU ...
Wheat was important for bread, deemed essential for the morale of the population. Bread and potatoes were the staples of the British diet in the Second World War. Increases in production between 1939 and 1945 were 74.3 percent for potatoes and 90.8 percent for wheat. The Ministry of Food prioritized potato production above all other crops. [19 ...
The UK has rarely been self-sufficient in terms of food supply. In 2023, the country was 54–60% self-sufficient in food. [4] [5] In 2022, the country produced enough sheep and milk to be self-sufficient, and almost enough poultry, eggs and cereals, but other foods, such as rice, tomatoes and exotic fruits, had to be imported. [6]
Agriculture in England is today intensive, highly mechanised, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with only 2% of the labour force. It contributes around 2% of GDP. Around two thirds of production is devoted to livestock, one third to arable crops.
Production is now in decline and the UK has been a net importer of oil since 2005. [167] As of 2010 the UK has around 3.1 billion barrels of proven crude oil reserves, the largest of any EU member state. [167] In 2009 the UK was the 13th largest producer of natural gas in the world and the largest producer in the EU. [168]
At the start of the Second World War in 1939, the United Kingdom was importing 20 million long tons of food per year, including about 70% of its cheese and sugar, almost 80% of fruit and about 70% of cereals and fats. The UK also imported more than half of its meat and relied on imported feed to support its domestic meat production.
In December 1916, a Ministry of Food was created under the New Ministries & Secretaries Act 1916 and Lord Devonport appointed Food Controller to regulate the supply and consumption of food and to encourage food production. A Food Production Department was established by the Board of Agriculture in 1917 to organise and distribute agricultural ...