Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. Comparison of 4 countries: US, China, Germany, and Brazil in all 6 dimensions of the model. Hofstede developed his original model as a result of using factor analysis to examine the results of a worldwide survey of employee values by International Business Machines between 1967 and 1973. It has been ...
Here he described national cultures along six dimensions: Power Distance, Individualism, Uncertainty avoidance, Masculinity, Long Term Orientation, and Indulgence vs. restraint. He was known for his books Culture's Consequences and Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, co-authored with his son Gert Jan Hofstede.
7 Dimensions of Culture. Trompenaars's model of national culture differences is a framework for cross-cultural communication applied to general business and management, developed by Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner. [1] [2] This involved a large-scale survey of 8,841 managers and organization employees from 43 countries. [3]
Hofstede's primary tenants of culture differentiation are summed up through his research more elaborately but primarily consist of [6] In his model, he identified six dimensions of national culture based on his research. Those dimensions are also used to differentiate countries from each other, based on how countries score on the six dimensions.
Hofstede utilizes six dimensions of culture to compare cultures to give leaders an understanding of how to adjust their leadership styles accordingly. These dimensions include individualism / collectivism , feminine / masculine , power distance , uncertainty avoidance , long-term/short-term orientation, and indulgence / restraint .
[6] Later research led to the discovery of a fifth and sixth dimension. Chinese sociologists [citation needed] identified long term/short term orientation as the fifth and a replica of Hofstede's study identified the sixth: indulgence/restraint. These dimensions were described in his popular work, "Culture's Consequences."
A national consciousness is a shared sense of national identity [32] and a shared understanding that a people group shares a common ethnic/linguistic/cultural background. Historically, a rise in national consciousness has been the first step toward creating a nation .
Trompenaars' model of national culture differences is a framework for cross-cultural communication applied to general business and management, developed by Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner. [9] [4] This model of national culture differences has seven dimensions. Universalism vs. particularism (What is more important, rules or relationships?)