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A Stoic of virtue, by contrast, would amend one's will to suit the world and remain, in the words of Epictetus, "sick and yet happy, in peril and yet happy, dying and yet happy, in exile and happy, in disgrace and happy", [6] thus positing a "completely autonomous" individual will and at the same time a universe that is "a rigidly deterministic ...
Epictetus (/ ˌ ɛ p ɪ k ˈ t iː t ə s /, EH-pick-TEE-təss; [3] Ancient Greek: Ἐπίκτητος, Epíktētos; c. 50 – c. 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher. [4] [5] He was born into slavery at Hierapolis, Phrygia (present-day Pamukkale, in western Turkey) and lived in Rome until his banishment, when he went to Nicopolis in northwestern Greece, where he spent the rest of his life.
The nature of the world is one of unceasing change, driven by the active part or reason of God which pervades all things. The active substance of the world is characterized as a 'breath', or pneuma, which provides form and motion to matter, and is the origin of the elements, life, and human rationality. The cosmos proceeds from an original ...
The Stoic philosopher Cleanthes described the world soul in his "Hymn to Zeus", where he praises Zeus (a personification of the logos) for harmonizing the cosmos and ensuring its rational order. [16] Chrysippus , another prominent Stoic, further developed the idea of the world soul, arguing that it is the animating principle that ensures the ...
Zeno divided philosophy into three parts: Logic (which was a very wide subject including rhetoric, grammar, and the theories of perception and thought); Physics (including not just science, but the divine nature of the universe as well); and Ethics, the end goal of which was to achieve happiness through the right way of living according to Nature.
Eternal return (or eternal recurrence) is a philosophical concept which states that time repeats itself in an infinite loop, and that exactly the same events will continue to occur in exactly the same way, over and over again, for eternity.
One of the nurses decorated their hospital door with an Eras Tour theme, but instead of the standard Swift style, she made it all "Violette's version." Courtesy of Lauren Sewell
[47] [48] The purpose of Stoic syllogistic was not merely to create a formal system. It was also understood as the study of the operations of reason, the divine reason which governs the universe, of which human beings are a part. [49] The goal was to find valid rules of inference and forms of proof to help people find their way in life. [30]