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The Philippines' Department of Education first implemented the program in the 2012–2013 school year. Mother Tongue as a subject is primarily taught in kindergarten and grades 1, 2 and 3. Mother Tongue as a subject is primarily taught in kindergarten and grades 1, 2 and 3.
Before the adoption of the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) system in 2012, a bilingual policy was used, wherein the medium of instruction was the Filipino language for Filipino, Araling Panlipunan, Edukasyong Pangkatawan, Kalusugan at Musika; English language was used for English, Science and Technology, Home Economics, and ...
Multilingual education (MLE) typically refers to "first-language-first" education, that is, schooling which begins in the mother tongue, or first language, and transitions to additional languages. Typically, MLE programs are situated in developing countries where speakers of minority languages , i.e. non-dominant languages, tend to be ...
A survey of vernacular education programming at the provincial level within Papua New Guinea. Ukarumpa, Papua New Guinea: Author. Swain, M. (1996). Discovering successful second language teaching strategies and practices: From program evaluation to classroom experimentation." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 17," 89-104.
Education in India follows the three-language formula, in which children are taught English (or the medium of instruction in the school, grades 1–12) as the first language. The second language (grades 1–10) is the official language of the state (In most non-Hindi states) or Hindi (in the others); in a few states, some schools offer a choice ...
Bolivia is officially multilingual, supporting Spanish and 36 native languages. [128] Brazil, Portuguese (official) and upwards to 100 languages spoken mainly in the urban areas (European and Asian) and indigenous languages in the Amazon. The use of indigenous languages in primary education is enshrined in the constitution. [129]
In the Philippines, English is the primary medium of instruction from preschool to university, except in the Philippine history and Filipino language subjects, in which Filipino is used. [15] Recently, regional languages have been introduced as the medium of instruction in public schools for grades K–3 as part of the Department of Education ...
Language education refers to the processes and practices of teaching a second or foreign language. Its study reflects interdisciplinary approaches, usually including some applied linguistics . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] There are four main learning categories for language education: communicative competencies, proficiencies, cross-cultural experiences , and ...