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The maximum possible friction force between two surfaces before sliding begins is the product of the coefficient of static friction and the normal force: =. When there is no sliding occurring, the friction force can have any value from zero up to F max {\displaystyle F_{\text{max}}} .
When two bodies with rough surfaces are pressed against each other, the true contact area formed between the two bodies, , is much smaller than the apparent or nominal contact area . The mechanics of contacting rough surfaces are discussed in terms of normal contact mechanics and static frictional interactions. [ 29 ]
Friction drive – Mechanical power transmission by friction between components; Lubrication – The presence of a material to reduce friction between two surfaces. Metallurgy – Field of science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metals; Multibody system – Tool to study dynamic behavior of interconnected rigid or flexible bodies
the force of friction acting between two sliding surfaces is proportional to the load pressing the surfaces together; the force of friction is independent of the apparent area of contact between the two surfaces. Although not universally applicable, these simple statements hold for a surprisingly wide range of systems. [4]
Traction can also refer to the maximum tractive force between a body and a surface, as limited by available friction; when this is the case, traction is often expressed as the ratio of the maximum tractive force to the normal force and is termed the coefficient of traction (similar to coefficient of friction).
A contact force is any force that occurs because of two objects making contact with each other. [1] Contact forces are very common and are responsible for most visible interactions between macroscopic collections of matter. Pushing a car or kicking a ball are some of the everyday examples where contact forces are at work.
The angle of friction, [7] also sometimes called the angle of repose, [8] is the maximum angle at which a load can rest motionless on an inclined plane due to friction without sliding down. This angle is equal to the arctangent of the coefficient of static friction μ s between the surfaces.
Shear (and tension) loads can be transferred between two structural elements by either a bearing-type connection or a slip-critical connection. In a slip-critical connection, loads are transferred from one element to another through friction forces developed between the faying surfaces of the connection. These friction forces are generated by ...