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A temperature coefficient describes the relative change of a physical property that is associated with a given change in temperature. For a property R that changes when the temperature changes by dT , the temperature coefficient α is defined by the following equation:
The rate ratio at a temperature increase of 10 degrees (marked by points) is equal to the Q 10 coefficient. The Q 10 temperature coefficient is a measure of temperature sensitivity based on the chemical reactions. The Q 10 is calculated as: = / where; R is the rate T is the temperature in Celsius degrees or kelvin.
A number of materials contract on heating within certain temperature ranges; this is usually called negative thermal expansion, rather than "thermal contraction".For example, the coefficient of thermal expansion of water drops to zero as it is cooled to 3.983 °C (39.169 °F) and then becomes negative below this temperature; this means that water has a maximum density at this temperature, and ...
The heat transfer coefficient is often calculated from the Nusselt number (a dimensionless number). There are also online calculators available specifically for Heat-transfer fluid applications. Experimental assessment of the heat transfer coefficient poses some challenges especially when small fluxes are to be measured (e.g. < 0.2 W/cm 2). [1] [2]
At high temperatures (T > Θ), the mean free path and therefore λ L has a temperature dependence T −1, to which one arrives from formula / by making the following approximation , < [clarification needed] and writing = /. This dependency is known as Eucken's law and originates from the temperature dependency of the probability for the U ...
is the temperature of the object's surface (SI unit: K), is the temperature of the environment; i.e., the temperature suitably far from the surface (SI unit: K), is the coefficient of heat transfer (SI unit: second).
A positive-temperature-coefficient heating element (PTC heating element), or self-regulating heater, is an electrical resistance heater whose resistance increases significantly with temperature. The name self-regulating heater comes from the tendency of such heating elements to maintain a constant temperature when supplied by a given voltage.
Absolute Seebeck coefficient of lead at low temperature, according to Christian, Jan, Pearson, Templeton (1958). Below the critical temperature of lead (indicated by the dashed line, approximately 7 K) the lead is superconducting. Absolute Seebeck coefficients of various metals up to high temperatures, mainly from Cusack & Kendall (1958).